{"id":1016,"date":"2024-05-09T10:55:55","date_gmt":"2024-05-09T02:55:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.spiceandwolf.com.cn\/?p=1016"},"modified":"2024-05-09T10:55:56","modified_gmt":"2024-05-09T02:55:56","slug":"design-pattern-factory-pattern","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.spiceandwolf.com.cn\/index.php\/design-pattern-factory-pattern\/","title":{"rendered":"\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6a21\u5f0f-\u5de5\u5382\u6a21\u5f0f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u5de5\u5382\u6a21\u5f0f\u662f\u5c01\u88c5\u5bf9\u8c61\u521b\u5efa\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u524d\u9762\u51e0\u4e2a\u7ae0\u8282\u6211\u4eec\u4e86\u89e3\u5230\u4e86\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u9488\u5bf9\u63a5\u53e3\u7f16\u7a0b\u8981\u6c42\u6211\u4eec\u9762\u5411\u63a5\u53e3\u7f16\u7a0b\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u9762\u5411\u5b9e\u73b0\u7f16\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u524d\u9762\u7ae0\u8282\u4e2d\u7c7b\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u90fd\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u5177\u4f53\u7c7b\u7684\u521b\u5efa(\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e0b\u56fe\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fc7\u7a0b)\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u8fdd\u80cc\u4e86\u9762\u5411\u63a5\u53e3\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\uff0c\u5728\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u7c7b\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u4e5f\u52bf\u5fc5\u4f1a\u8fdd\u80cc\u201c\u5bf9\u6269\u5c55\u5f00\u653e\uff0c\u5bf9\u4fee\u6539\u5173\u95ed\u201c\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u8fd9\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Duck duck;\nif (picnic) {\n    duck = new MalllardDuck();\n} else if (hunting) {\n    duck = new DecoyDuck();\n} else {\n    duck = new RubberDuck();\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u7684\u5c01\u88c5\u5462\uff1f\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u4f60\u73b0\u5728\u662f\u62ab\u8428\u5e97\u7684\u4e3b\u4eba\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5ba2\u4eba\u70b9\u9910\u65f6\u7ed9\u51fa\u4ed6\u4eec\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u62ab\u8428\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd9\u6837\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pizza orderPizza() {\n    Pizza pizza = new Pizza();\n\n    pizza.prepare();\n    pizza.bake();\n    pizza.cut();\n    pizza.box();\n    return pizza;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u521b\u5efa\u66f4\u591a\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u62ab\u8428\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u521b\u5efa\u51fa\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u62ab\u8428\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pizza orderPizza() {\n    Pizza pizza;\n    if (type.equals(\"cheese\")) {\n        pizza = new CheesePizza();\n    } else if (type.equals(\"greek\")) {\n        pizza = new GreekPizza();\n    } else if (type.equals(\"pepperoni\")){\n        pizza = new PepperoniPizza();\n    }\n\n    pizza.prepare();\n    pizza.bake();\n    pizza.cut();\n    pizza.box();\n    return pizza;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u4f46\u662f\u65b0\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u62ab\u8428\u52a0\u5165\u5230\u83dc\u5355\u4e2d\u4e86\uff0c\u9500\u91cf\u843d\u540e\u7684\u62ab\u8428\u53ef\u80fd\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u6539\u8fdb\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u83dc\u5355\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u50cf\u4e0b\u9762\u4e00\u6837\u5bf9\u4ee3\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pizza orderPizza() {\n    Pizza pizza;\n    if (type.equals(\"cheese\")) {\n        pizza = new CheesePizza();\n    } else if (type.equals(\"greek\")) {\n<\/s>        pizza = new GreekPizza();<\/s>\n    } else if (type.equals(\"pepperoni\")){\n        pizza = new PepperoniPizza();\n    } else if (type.equals(\"clam\")) {\n        pizza = new ClamPizza();\n    } else if (type.equals(\"veggie\")) {\n        pizza = new VeggiePizza();\n    }\n\n    pizza.prepare();\n    pizza.bake();\n    pizza.cut();\n    pizza.box();\n    return pizza;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u8fd9\u8fdd\u80cc\u4e86\u5bf9\u4fee\u6539\u5173\u95ed\u7684\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u62ab\u8428\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u63d0\u53d6\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u653e\u5230\u62ab\u8428\u5de5\u5382\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
public class SimplePizzaFactory {\n    public Pizza createPizza(String type) {\n        Pizza pizza = null;\n        \n        if (type.equals(\"cheese\")) {\n            pizza = new CheesePizza();\n        } else if (type.equals(\"pepperoni\")){\n            pizza = new PepperoniPizza();\n        } else if (type.equals(\"clam\")) {\n            pizza = new ClamPizza();\n        } else if (type.equals(\"veggie\")) {\n            pizza = new VeggiePizza();\n        }\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
public class PizzaStore {\n    SimplePizzaFactory factory;\n    \n    public PizzaStore(SimplePizzaFactory factory) {\n        this.factory = factory;\n    }\n\n    Pizza orderPizza() {\n        Pizza pizza;\n\n        pizza = factory.createPizza();\n    \n        pizza.prepare();\n        pizza.bake();\n        pizza.cut();\n        pizza.box();\n        return pizza;\n    }\n\n    \/\/ other methods...\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u5de5\u5382\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u5b83\u7684\u7c7b\u56fe\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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\u9996\u5148\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5730\u57df\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u62ab\u8428\u53e3\u5473\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u62ab\u8428\u5de5\u5382\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u62bd\u8c61\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u4e0d\u540c\u53e3\u5473\u7684\u62ab\u8428\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b58\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5730\u57df\u7684\u62ab\u8428\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u62ab\u8428\u5e97\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u62bd\u8c61\uff0c\u597d\u6839\u636e\u5730\u57df\u521b\u5efa\u4e0d\u540c\u5730\u57df\u7684\u62ab\u8428\u5e97\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\/\/ \u62ab\u8428\u5e97\u62bd\u8c61\u7c7b\npublic abstract class PizzaStore {\n    public Pizza orderPizza(String type) {\n        Pizza pizza;\n        \n        pizza = createPizza(type);\n        \n        pizza.prepare();\n        pizza.bake();\n        pizza.cut();\n        pizza.box();\n\n        return pizza;\n    }\n\n    abstract Pizza createPizza(String type);\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\/\/ \u62ab\u8428\u5e97\u5177\u4f53\u7c7b\npublic class NYPizzaStore extends PizzaStore {\n    Pizza createPizza(String type) {\n        if (type.equals(\"cheese\")) {\n            return new NYStyleCheesePizza();\n        } else if (type.equals(\"veggie\")) {\n            return new NYStyleVeggiePizza();\n        } else if (type.equals(\"clam\")) {\n            return new NYStyleClamPizza();\n        } else if (type.equals(\"peperoni\")) {\n            return new NYStylePeperoniPizza();\n        } else {\n            return null;\n        }\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
public abstract class Pizza {\n    String name;\n    String dough;\n    String sauce;\n    List toppings = new ArrayList();\n\n    void prepare() {\n        System.out.println(\"Preparing \" + name);\n        System.out.println(\"Tossing dough\");\n        System.out.println(\"Adding sauce\");\n        System.out.println(\"Adding toppings: \");\n        for (int i = 0; i < toppings.size(); i++) {\n            System.out.println(\"  \" + toppings.get(i));\n        }\n    }\n\n    void bake() {\n        System.out.println(\"Bake for 25 minutes at 350\");\n    }\n\n    void cut() {\n        System.out.println(\"Cutting the pizza into  diagonal slices\");\n    }\n\n    void box() {\n        System.out.println(\"Place pizza in official PizzaStore box\");\n    }\n\n    public String getName() {\n        return name;\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u8fd9\u91cccreatePizza\u65b9\u6cd5\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u5de5\u5382\uff0c\u62ab\u8428\u5e97\u5c06\u521b\u5efa\u62ab\u8428\u59d4\u6258\u7ed9\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u521b\u5efa\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u62bd\u8c61\u7c7b\uff0c\u8ba9\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u62ab\u8428\u5e97\u5b9e\u73b0\u7c7b\u80fd\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5de5\u5382\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u5de5\u5382\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u89e3\u8026\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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    \n
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    \u4ee3\u7801\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u540c\u65f6\u6ee1\u8db3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6307\u5bfc\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u6839\u636e\u7c7b\u95f4\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027\u7f16\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u539f\u5219\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u4f18\u5316\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5bf9\u4ee3\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u8026\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \u5de5\u5382\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u62bd\u8c61\u5de5\u5382\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u5728\u62ab\u8428\u5e97\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u5404\u79cd\u5404\u6837\u7684\u539f\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u6301\u539f\u6750\u6599\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u548c\u591a\u6837\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u91c7\u7528\u62bd\u8c61\u5de5\u5382\u6a21\u5f0f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u62ab\u8428\u539f\u6750\u6599\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u6599\u5de5\u5382\u8d1f\u8d23\u521b\u5efa\u6bcf\u4e00\u79cd\u539f\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u539f\u6750\u6599\u5de5\u5382\u51b3\u5b9a\u7528\u63a5\u53e3\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    public interface PizzaIngredientFactory {\n    public Dough createDough();\n    public Sauce createSauce();\n    public Cheese createCheese();\n    public Veggies[] createVeggies();\n    public Pepperoni createPepperoni();\n    public Clams createClams();\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \u8fd9\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u6750\u6599\u5de5\u5382\u5b9e\u73b0\u7c7b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    public class NYPizzaIngredientFactory implements PizzaIngredientFactory {\n    @Override\n    public Dough createDough() {\n        return new ThinCrustDough();\n    }\n\n    @Override\n    public Sauce createSauce() {\n        return new MarinaraSauce();\n    }\n\n    @Override\n    public Cheese createCheese() {\n        return new ReggianoCheese();\n    }\n\n    @Override\n    public Veggies[] createVeggies() {\n        Veggies[] veggies = {\n                new Garlic(), new Onion(), new Mushroom(), new RedPepper()\n        };\n        return new Veggies[0];\n    }\n\n    @Override\n    public Pepperoni createPepperoni() {\n        return new SlicedPepperoni();\n    }\n\n    @Override\n    public Clams createClams() {\n        return new FreshClams();\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \u8fd9\u662f\u62ab\u8428\u62bd\u8c61\u7c7b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    public abstract class Pizza {\n    String name;\n    Dough dough;\n    Sauce sauce;\n    Veggies[] veggies;\n    Cheese cheese;\n    Pepperoni pepperoni;\n    Clams clams;\n\n    public abstract void prepare();\n\n    public void bake() {\n        System.out.println(\"Bake for 25 minutes at 350\");\n    }\n\n    public void cut() {\n        System.out.println(\"Cutting the pizza into diagonal slices\");\n    }\n\n    public void box() {\n        System.out.println(\"Place pizza in official PizzaStore box\");\n    }\n\n    public void setName(String name) {\n        this.name = name;\n    }\n\n    String getName() {\n        return name;\n    }\n\n    public String toString() {\n        return \"\";\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \u53ca\u62ab\u8428\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u73b0\u7c7b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    public class CheesePizza extends Pizza {\n    PizzaIngredientFactory ingredientFactory;\n\n    public CheesePizza(PizzaIngredientFactory ingredientFactory) {\n        this.ingredientFactory = ingredientFactory;\n    }\n\n    @Override\n    public void prepare() {\n        System.out.println(\"Preparing \" + name);\n        dough = ingredientFactory.createDough();\n        sauce = ingredientFactory.createSauce();\n        cheese = ingredientFactory.createCheese();\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \u8fd9\u662f\u62ab\u8428\u5e97\u62bd\u8c61\u7c7b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    public abstract class PizzaStore {\n    public Pizza orderPizza(String type) {\n        Pizza pizza;\n\n        pizza = createPizza(type);\n\n        pizza.prepare();\n        pizza.bake();\n        pizza.cut();\n        pizza.box();\n\n        return pizza;\n    }\n\n    protected abstract Pizza createPizza(String type);\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \u53ca\u62ab\u8428\u5e97\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u73b0\u7c7b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    public class NYPizzaStore extends PizzaStore {\n    @Override\n    protected Pizza createPizza(String type) {\n        Pizza pizza = null;\n        PizzaIngredientFactory ingredientFactory = new NYPizzaIngredientFactory();\n\n        if (type.equals(\"cheese\")) {\n            pizza = new CheesePizza(ingredientFactory);\n            pizza.setName(\"New York Style Cheese Pizza\");\n        } else if (type.equals(\"veggie\")) {\n            pizza = new VeggiePizza(ingredientFactory);\n            pizza.setName(\"New York Style Veggie Pizza\");\n        } else if (type.equals(\"clam\")) {\n            pizza = new ClamPizza(ingredientFactory);\n            pizza.setName(\"New York Style Clam Pizza\");\n        } else if (type.equals(\"pepperoni\")) {\n            pizza = new PepperoniPizza(ingredientFactory);\n            pizza.setName(\"New York Style Pepperoni Pizza\");\n        }\n        return pizza;\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \u53ef\u4ee5\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u5177\u4f53\u5730\u533a\u7684\u62ab\u8428\u5e97\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4f1a\u7531\u62ab\u8428\u5e97\u521b\u5efa\u539f\u6599\u5de5\u5382\uff0c\u5728\u6839\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u503c\u521b\u5efa\u62ab\u8428\u65f6\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u62ab\u8428\u7c7b\u53ea\u8d1f\u8d23\u5b9e\u73b0prepare\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f1a\u5c06\u5de5\u5382\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u62ab\u8428\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u7531\u539f\u6599\u5de5\u5382\u5b9e\u4f8b\u786e\u5b9a\u7c7b\u578b\u62ab\u8428\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u539f\u6599\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u5c06\u62ab\u8428\u5b9e\u73b0\u548c\u539f\u6750\u6599\u5b9e\u73b0\u89e3\u8026\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \u62bd\u8c61\u5de5\u5382\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u76f8\u5173\u6216\u4f9d\u8d56\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5bb6\u65cf\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u660e\u786e\u5236\u5b9a\u5177\u4f53\u7c7b\u3002\u62bd\u8c61\u5de5\u5382\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u7c7b\u56fe\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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